Reading, Writing and Comparing Whole Numbers Beyond 1,000,000

You will read, write and compare numbers in the millions and billions, work with them in all four operations, and round them to make good estimates — the way Rwanda's census, budgets and cooperatives use them.

2

Multiplication and Division of Integers

You will use positive and negative numbers for temperatures, money and depths, and learn the sign rules for multiplying and dividing them — then use them to solve real problems.

3

Powers, Indices, LCM and GCF

You will write repeated multiplication as powers, use the laws of indices, break numbers into prime factors, and use the LCM and GCF to solve problems about buses, baskets and bells.

4

Operations on Fractions

You will sharpen your fraction tools, then multiply and divide fractions, whole numbers and mixed numbers — and use them to share land, plan a salary and fill bottles.

5

Rounding and Conversion of Decimal Numbers

You will read decimals all the way to millionths, round them to any place, and switch between fractions and decimals to compare amounts at the market, in sport and in science.

6

Percentages and Ratios

Percentages and ratios are everywhere: a 10% discount at the market, a price that goes up by 15%, a juice mix of 1 part concentrate to 4 parts water. In this unit you will change between fractions, decimals and percentages, find percentages of amounts, work out increases, decreases, profit and loss, and share amounts in a given ratio.

7

Relationship Between Volume, Capacity and Mass

How much water fits in a jerrycan, and how heavy is it when it is full? In this unit you will convert units of capacity and mass, find the volume of boxes and tanks, and learn the rule that joins them for water: 1 cm³ holds 1 mL, and 1 mL of water has a mass of 1 g.

8

Speed, Distance and Time

How long will the bus from Kigali to Huye take? What time is it in Nairobi when it is noon in Kigali? In this unit you will use the 12-hour and 24-hour clocks, work across time zones, calculate speed, distance and time, change km/h into m/s and back, and find the average speed of a journey.

9

Simple Interest and Problems Involving Saving

Money kept in a SACCO or bank can grow, and money that is borrowed costs extra. In this unit you will use the simple interest formula to find the interest, the total amount, the rate, the principal and the time, and you will plan budgets and savings for real Rwandan families.

10

Equivalent Expressions and Number Sequences

Letters can stand for numbers, and patterns can be described by rules. In this unit you will write, evaluate and simplify algebraic expressions, decide when two expressions are equivalent, find missing terms in sequences of whole numbers, fractions and decimals, and use the general rule of a sequence to find any term.

11

Regular Polygons and Bearings

Name polygons and tell when they are regular, work out their interior, exterior and central angles, find their perimeter and area, and use compass points and three-figure bearings to describe directions.

12

Construction of Polygons and Nets for Cuboids and Prisms

Draw triangles, squares, rectangles and regular polygons accurately with a ruler, protractor and compasses, use central angles to construct polygons up to the decagon, and design nets that fold into cubes, cuboids and prisms.

13

Area Bounded by a Circle, Surface Area and Volume of Some Solids

Find the circumference and area of a circle, work out the surface area of cylinders, prisms, pyramids, cones and spheres, and calculate the volume of cubes and cuboids, including finding a missing length.

14

Data Handling

Collect data with tally marks and frequency tables, summarise it with the mean, median, mode and range, and show and read it in bar charts and pie charts.

15

Likelihood of Events

Describe how likely events are, from impossible to certain, place them on a likelihood line, give chance a number from 0 to 1, and use expected outcomes and experiments to decide what is more or less likely.

Units