Senior 5
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S5 Biology explains life at the level of cells and molecules and of whole organisms: interdependence in ecosystems, transport across membranes, nucleic acids and DNA replication, cell division, protein synthesis, autotrophic nutrition, transport in plants, gas exchange, excretion and homeostasis, behaviour, the immune system, and genetics and mutation.
S5 Chemistry covers organic chemistry in depth (alkanes, alkenes and alkynes, halogenoalkanes, alcohols and ethers, carbonyl compounds, carboxylic acids and their derivatives, amines and amino acids) and then physical chemistry: phase diagrams, solutions and titration, conductivity, electrolysis, enthalpy, entropy and free energy. Expect mechanisms, balanced equations and careful calculation.
S5 Economics builds the core of the A-level course: market structures, national income, consumption, saving and investment with the multiplier, money and financial institutions, inflation, unemployment, the public budget and taxation, population, and labour and wages. You will use diagrams and data as evidence, with Rwanda as the main case study.
S5 English is the compulsory English course for every combination. It develops close reading, listening, discussion and formal writing through topics such as community life, climate change and wildlife protection, traditional family life, science, natural and industrial processes, globalisation and global citizenship, and living in a foreign country.
S5 Entrepreneurship takes a business from idea to running enterprise: market research, the Business Model Canvas, business growth, the role of entrepreneurship in development, ICT in business, public relations, contracts, office procedures, quality assurance and control, and the prime books of accounting.
S5 Geography combines geographical skills with the physical and human geography of the world: statistical graphs and maps, map reading, the universe and the solar system, the origin and structure of the Earth, internal landform processes, soils, weather and climate, vegetation, population growth, settlement and urbanisation, and agriculture, forestry, fishing and mining in the world.
S5 Mathematics deepens the algebra, geometry and statistics you will need at A-level: trigonometric formulae, equations and functions (including inverse functions), sequences, logarithmic and exponential equations, straight lines and shapes in two and three dimensions, matrices and determinants of order 3, the vector space of real triples, bivariate statistics, and elementary and conditional probability. Expect careful reasoning and structured methods.
S5 Physics studies oscillations, waves and fields, and opens the door to modern physics: simple harmonic motion, damped and forced oscillations, mechanical waves, fluid mechanics, orbital motion, atomic models, the wave and particle nature of light, signals and communication systems, magnetic fields and forces, special relativity, and the interference and diffraction of light. Expect derivations and quantitative reasoning.
