Post-independence Rwanda
Primary 6 · Social and Religious Studies
Post-independence Rwanda
Lesson 2 of 5
25 min
Let's begin
Imagine you pass every exam at school, but you are still told there is no place for you in secondary school. The only reason is a word on your family's identity card.
After independence, this happened to many Rwandan children.
Today you will learn what the First Republic did, and why independence alone did not bring freedom for everyone.
The First Republic lasted from independence in 1962 until 1973. It was led by President Grégoire Kayibanda and his party, PARMEHUTU.
Independence meant that Rwandans governed themselves. That was important. But the leaders of the First Republic used this freedom to divide the nation instead of uniting it.
The lesson is clear: freedom is only real when it belongs to every citizen.
Worked example
Is this a feature of the First Republic?
Statement: "Tutsi pupils were limited by quotas in school."
Step 1 Check the dates: this happened between 1962 and 1973.
Step 2 Check the list above: quotas were used.
Step 3 So yes, it is a feature of the First Republic.
Tip
K for Kayibanda, 1962 to 1973
Remember the First Republic by four words: discrimination, quotas, violence, exile.
Answer each one, then tap Show answer to check.
Who was the president of the First Republic?
Answer: Grégoire Kayibanda.
Name two ways the First Republic discriminated against Tutsi.
Answer: any two of: quotas in schools and jobs, exclusion from government posts, chasing them from schools and jobs in 1973, refusing refugees the right to return.
Which years did the First Republic last?
Answer: from 1962 to 1973.
Why was independence important, even though the First Republic divided people?
Answer: it meant Rwandans could govern themselves. The problem was that the leaders used that power to divide instead of unite.
What you learned today
Sources and credits
Quick check
Match each part of the First Republic to the right answer.
Tap one on the left, then its partner on the right.
