Isubiramo
Primary 4 · Kinyarwanda
Isubiramo
Lesson 1 of 3
40 min
Let's begin
Murakaza neza mu mwaka wa kane! Mbere yo gutangira amasomo mashya, reka tubanze twibuke ibyo wize mu mwaka wa gatatu.
Wize gusoma amagambo nka impyisi, icyuya na kujya. Buri jambo muri ayo ririmo igihekane. Uyu munsi urasoma inkuru ya Bakame na Mpyisi, inshuti ebyiri zahinze zifatanyije. Ese ubucuti bwabo buzarangira bute?
Inkuru yanditswe na Mutugi Kamundi, ihindurwa mu Kinyarwanda na Epimaque Niyibizi (African Storybook). Ganzaa yarayihinnye kandi ikosora imyandikire.
Kera, Bakame na Mpyisi bari inshuti magara. Ibintu byinshi babikoreraga hamwe: bararirimbanaga, bakabyinana. Umunsi umwe Bakame abwira Mpyisi ati: “Nshuti yange, reka duhingire hamwe, maze tuzabe abakire”. Mpyisi arabyemera ati: “Ni byo koko! Tuzahinga ibiribwa byinshi, tubisarure, maze tubigurishe”.
Mpyisi atanga igitekerezo cyo guhinga ibigori, Bakame arabyemera. Ariko ahita avuga uko bazagabana imirimo ati: “Nge nzarinda inyoni zizaza kona ibigori. Wowe uzarima, utere imbuto kandi ubagare”. Mpyisi aritotomba, avuga ko ahawe imirimo myinshi. Bakame aramusobanurira ati: “Umurimo wange urakomeye! Nzajya nurira ibiti nirukane inyoni ku manywa na nijoro. Kandi wowe ntushobora kurira igiti”. Mpyisi yemera ayo magambo.
Nuko Mpyisi ahinga umurima wose wenyine, atera ibigori, arabagara, arandura n'ibyatsi bibi. Bakame we yicaraga ku rutare akaririmba ati: “Inshuti yange ni umukozi, nge ndi umujyanama we!” Kurinda inyoni ntibyamuvunaga, ntibyigeze bimubiza icyuya na gato.
Igihe k'isarura kigeze, Bakame aravuga ati: “Nge nzasarura ibiri hejuru y'ubutaka, naho wowe usarure ibiri munsi y'ubutaka”. Mpyisi yumva ari igitekerezo kiza. Bakame asarura ibigori byose, abishyira mu kigega ke. Mpyisi acukura ahantu hose, ariko abona imizi gusa. Asubira mu rugo afite ibitebo birimo ubusa.
Mu gihembwe gikurikiyeho, Mpyisi aravuga ati: “Kuri iyi nshuro, nge nzasarura ibiri hejuru y'ubutaka, naho wowe usarure ibiri munsi yabwo”. Bakame arabyemera, ariko avuga ko noneho bazatera ibirayi. Ubwo bahinga bombi, barabagara, bararirimba. Ibirayi byeze, Mpyisi asarura ibiri hejuru y'ubutaka, asanga ari amababi gusa! Bakame we asarura ibirayi byinshi kandi binini, abihunika mu buhunikiro bwe.
Mpyisi arababara cyane, abaza Bakame ati: “Kuki wampenze ubwenge?” Bakame amusubiza ko ari we wihitiyemo gusarura ibiri hejuru y'ubutaka. Mpyisi ararakara cyane, yirukankana Bakame ashaka kumwihimuraho, Bakame ariruka arahunga. Kuva ubwo, Bakame na Mpyisi bahinduka abanzi.
| Ijambo | Icyo risobanura |
|---|---|
| inshuti magara | inshuti zikundana cyane, zihora hamwe |
| kona | (ku nyoni cyangwa ku matungo) kurya imyaka iri mu murima |
| kubagara | gukura ibyatsi bibi mu murima |
| kwitotomba | kuvuga wijujuta kuko hari ikintu utishimiye |
| ikigega | aho bahunika imyaka yasaruwe |
| guhenda ubwenge | kuriganya umuntu, ukamushuka kugira ngo wunguke |
| kwihimura | kwishyura inabi uwakugiriye nabi |
Bakame na Mpyisi babanje guhinga iki?
Igisubizo: Babanje guhinga ibigori.
Ni nde wakoze imirimo myinshi mu murima w'ibigori?
Igisubizo: Ni Mpyisi: yarimye, atera ibigori, arabagara wenyine.
Kuki Mpyisi yabonye imizi gusa ku nshuro ya mbere?
Igisubizo: Kuko ibigori byera hejuru y'ubutaka; munsi yabwo haba imizi gusa.
Ku nshuro ya kabiri, Mpyisi yabonye iki? Kubera iki?
Igisubizo: Yabonye amababi gusa, kuko ibirayi byera munsi y'ubutaka.
Ese Bakame yari inshuti nyanshuti? Sobanura.
Igisubizo: Oya. Inshuti nyanshuti ntiriganya mugenzi wayo. Bakame yakoresheje ubwenge bwe mu guhenda Mpyisi, bituma ubucuti bwabo busenyuka.
Wibuke: igihekane ni itsinda ry'inyuguti ebyiri cyangwa zirenga, zitarimo inyajwi, zisomerwa hamwe mbere y'inyajwi. Urugero: mu ijambo i-mpyi-si harimo igihekane mpy.
Uyu munsi turasubiramo ibihekane birangizwa n'inyuguti y. Byinshi muri byo biri mu nkuru wasomye.
| Igihekane | Amagambo |
|---|---|
| by | ibyatsi, byinshi, ibyiza |
| cy | icyuya, icyumweru, icyayi |
| jy | kujya, umujyanama, tujyane |
| shy | gushyira, ibishyimbo, ubushyuhe |
| my | imyaka, imyenda, imyumbati |
| ry | iryinyo, iryo, ryiza |
| mpy | impyisi, Mpyisi |
| mby | imbyino |
| njy | injyana, injyo, Njyana kwa sogokuru |
| ndy | indyo |
Tip
Uko wabyibuka: Koma amashyi rimwe kuri buri gice k'ijambo: i – cyu – ya (amashyi atatu), ku – jya (amashyi abiri). Igihekane n'inyajwi yacyo bijyana mu mashyi amwe!
Andika interuro eshatu zivuga ku nkuru “Bakame na Mpyisi”. Muri buri nteruro, koresha nibura ijambo rimwe rifite igihekane kirangizwa na “y”, maze urishyireho umurongo munsi.
Urugero (amagambo yanditse mu nyuguti zijimye ni yo afite ibihekane): “Mpyisi yahinze imyaka wenyine, ntiyasarura ibyiza yakoreye.”
Nyuma yaho, soma interuro zawe mu ijwi riranguruye, usome neza buri gihekane.
Shaka igihekane kiri muri buri jambo: icyuya, imbyino, kujya.
Igisubizo: cy, mby, jy.
Uzuza igihekane kibura: i___atsi, gu___ira, i___enda.
Igisubizo: ibyatsi (by), gushyira (shy), imyenda (my).
Gabanya ijambo imyumbati mu bice byaryo.
Igisubizo: i – myu – mba – ti (ibice bine).
Bakame yasaruye iki ku nshuro ya kabiri?
Igisubizo: Yasaruye ibirayi.
Andika neza ukurikije itegeko ry'imyandikire: “ikigega cye”, “inshuti yanjye”.
Igisubizo: ikigega ke, inshuti yange (imbere ya e ntitwandika cy cyangwa jy).
Ibyo wize uyu munsi
Note
Sources and credits (Aho ibiri muri iri somo byavuye)
Umwandiko: Bakame na Mpyisi, wanditswe na Mutugi Kamundi, uhindurwa mu Kinyarwanda na Epimaque Niyibizi. Watangajwe na African Storybook (© African Storybook Initiative 2014), ku ruhushya CC BY 4.0. Ganzaa yarawuhinnye kandi ikosora amakosa make y'imyandikire.
Inyigisho z'ururimi, imyitozo yo muri iri somo n'ibibazo by'isuzuma byanditswe na Ganzaa.
Isuzume
Huza buri jambo n'igihekane kiririmo.
Kanda ijambo ibumoso, hanyuma ukande irijyanye na ryo iburyo.
