Gukunda igihugu
Primary 4 · Kinyarwanda
Gukunda igihugu
Lesson 4 of 5
40 min
Let's begin
Intwari ni nde? Hari abatekereza ko intwari ari umuntu urwana urugamba gusa. Nyamara n'umwana muto ashobora kuba intwari, iyo agize umutima wo gufasha abandi.
Uyu munsi urasoma inkuru y'umuhungu witwa Ntwari. Uzabona ko izina rye rihuye n'ibikorwa bye!
Inkuru yanditswe na Nwanne Felix-Emeribe, ihindurwa mu Kinyarwanda na Jean Paul Harelimana (African Storybook). Ganzaa yanonosoye interuro kandi yongera amagambo make mu musozo.
Ntwari yari atuye mu mugi wa Musanze, mu nzu nziza. Ababyeyi be bari bifashije. Ntwari yari afite imbwa yitwa Makasi, akayifata neza.
Buri munsi, se wa Ntwari yamujyanaga ku ishuri mu modoka, nimugoroba akajya kumucyura. Umunsi umwe, nyuma ya saa sita, bari bataha, se ahagarika imodoka ajya kugura ibintu mu iduka rinini.
Ntwari asohoka mu modoka, abona umusaza wari wikoreye umutwaro uremereye cyane. Umusaza yari ananiwe, agenda buhoro buhoro. Ntwari akomeza kumureba.
Umusaza yicara munsi y'igiti cyari hafi y'inzira, araruhuka. Ntwari abona ko yambaye inkweto zishaje cyane, zakozwe mu macupa ya pulasitiki.
Ageze mu rugo, Ntwari amara igihe kinini atekereza kuri wa musaza. Byaramubabaje cyane, ku buryo yanze kurya. Yibaza icyo yakora.
Nuko afata amafaranga yari yarazigamye mu gasanduku ke, ahamagara Makasi, yurira igare rye. Yihuta ajya mu iduka, agura inkweto nshya, maze asanga wa musaza aho yari yicaye, yegamye ku giti.
Ntwari aramusuhuza ati: “Mwiriwe, sogokuru?” Umusaza arasubiza ati: “Mwiriwe neza, mwana wange!”
Ntwari aramubaza ati: “Muturutse he?” Umusaza aramusubiza ati: “Mwana wange, nahunze inzara yateye mu mudugudu w'iwacu. Naje hano gushaka akazi”.
Ntwari amuha igikapu yari azanye. Umusaza agifunguye, asangamo inkweto nshya. Amarira y'ibyishimo amuzenga mu maso. Ashimira Ntwari umutima mwiza afite.
Ntwari aramubwira ati: “Reka ntahe vuba, mama ataza kumbura”. Umusaza apepera Ntwari n'imbwa ye, amwenyura ati: “Nkwifurije umugisha, mwana wange!”
Ntwari akigera mu rugo, nyina, wari wahangayitse, aramubaza ati: “Ntwari, wari he?” Ntwari amubwira byose, nta cyo amuhishe. Iyo nkuru imukora ku mutima.
Hashize akanya, se wa Ntwari arahagera. Amaze kumva inkuru yose, aramubwira ati: “Mwana wacu, turakwishimiye. Wagaragaje umutima w'ubugwaneza n'ubutwari. Amafaranga wakoresheje tuzayagusubiza, twongereho andi angana na yo”.
| Ijambo | Icyo risobanura |
|---|---|
| kwikorera | gutwara umutwaro ku mutwe |
| bari bifashije | bari bafite ibyo bakeneye byose mu buzima |
| kuzigama | kubika amafaranga kugira ngo azakugirire akamaro nyuma |
| guhangayika | kugira impungenge nyinshi |
| gupepera | kuzunguza ukuboko usezera ku muntu |
| ubugwaneza | kugirira abandi neza no kubitaho |
| amarira amuzenga mu maso | amarira aje mu maso ariko ataratemba |
Ntwari yari atuye he?
Igisubizo: Mu mugi wa Musanze.
Ni iki cyababaje Ntwari amaze kubona umusaza?
Igisubizo: Umutwaro uremereye, umunaniro we, n'inkweto zishaje zakozwe mu macupa ya pulasitiki.
Ntwari yakuye he amafaranga yo kugura inkweto?
Igisubizo: Mu gasanduku ke, aho yazigamaga amafaranga.
Umusaza yari yaturutse he, kandi kuki?
Igisubizo: Yari yahunze inzara yateye mu mudugudu w'iwabo, aje gushaka akazi.
Kuki twakwita Ntwari intwari, kandi atarwanye urugamba?
Igisubizo: Yigomwe amafaranga ye kugira ngo afashe umuntu atazi. Intwari ni ushyira imbere inyungu z'abandi.
Ese Ntwari yari kubanza kubwira ababyeyi be mbere yo kugenda? Sobanura.
Igisubizo: Yego, byari kuba byiza. Nyina yari yahangayitse. Umwana abwira ababyeyi aho agiye, kugira ngo abe mu mutekano, kandi na bo bashobora kumufasha gufasha abandi.
Impuzashusho ni amagambo yandikwa kimwe, ariko akagira ibisobanuro bitandukanye. Asa “ishusho”, ariko ntasobanura kimwe.
| Ijambo | Igisobanuro cya mbere | Igisobanuro cya kabiri |
|---|---|---|
| inzara | kubura ibyo kurya: Inzara yateye mu mudugudu. | ibiri ku mitwe y'intoki n'iy'amano: Kata inzara zawe. |
| gukora | gukora akazi: Umusaza yashakaga gukora akazi. | gukoraho: Inkuru yamukoze ku mutima. |
| isaha | igikoresho kitwereka igihe: Isaha yange irahagaze. | igihe kingana n'iminota 60: Twakinnye isaha yose. |
| imbuto | ibyo tubiba: Umuhinzi yabibye imbuto z'ibigori. | ibyo turya bivuye ku bimera: Avoka n'imineke ni imbuto. |
| gutera | gushyira igiti mu butaka: Twateye ibiti ku musozi. | gukubita umupira ikirenge: Ishimwe yateye umupira. |
Ikitonderwa: Ntitwitiranya impuzashusho n'impuzanyito. Impuzanyito ni amagambo abiri atandukanye asobanura kimwe (vuba na bwangu). Impuzashusho ni ijambo rimwe rifite ibisobanuro bibiri cyangwa birenga. Iyo tuvuga, amasaku yazo ashobora gutandukana.
Tip
Uko wabyibuka: Impuzashusho ni “ishusho imwe, ibisobanuro byinshi”. Kugira ngo umenye igisobanuro gikwiye, reba amagambo ari hafi yayo mu nteruro: “kata inzara” si kimwe na “inzara yateye”.
Ku wa 1 Gashyantare, Abanyarwanda bizihiza Umunsi w'Intwari z'Igihugu. Nyamara hari n'intwari zo mu buzima bwa buri munsi.
Tegura, maze uvugire imbere y'umuryango wawe cyangwa y'abo mwigana, inkuru ngufi (interuro 5 cyangwa 6) y'umuntu uzi wagaragaje ubutwari: yafashije abandi, yavuze ukuri, cyangwa yarinze ibidukikije. Vuga izina rye, icyo yakoze, n'impamvu ari intwari.
Urugero: Intwari yange ni nyirasenge wange Mutesi. Buri wa Gatanu asura abasaza batishoboye bo mu mudugudu wacu. Abavomera amazi, akabakorera isuku. Ntabihemberwa, abikora kuko abakunda. Ni yo mpamvu ari intwari yange.
Muri iyi nteruro, “inzara” isobanura iki? “Nyuma yo gukina, Keza yakase inzara ze.”
Igisubizo: Ibiri ku mitwe y'intoki (si ukubura ibyo kurya).
“Umuhinzi yateye ibiti by'imyembe.” Hano “yateye” bisobanura iki?
Igisubizo: Yashyize ibiti mu butaka ngo bikure.
Andika interuro ebyiri zikoresha “isaha” mu bisobanuro bibiri bitandukanye.
Igisubizo: Urugero: “Isaha yange irerekana saa tatu.” na “Twategereje bisi isaha yose.”
“Iyo nkuru imukora ku mutima.” Hano “gukora” bisobanura iki?
Igisubizo: Kumugeraho no kumutera amarangamutima, nk'ugukoraho.
Ibyo wize uyu munsi
Sources and credits
Umwandiko: Ntwari n' umusaza, wanditswe na Nwanne Felix-Emeribe, uhindurwa mu Kinyarwanda na Jean Paul Harelimana; amashusho y'igitabo ni aya Kenneth Boyowa Okitikpi. Watangajwe na African Storybook (© African Storybook Initiative 2018), ku ruhushya CC BY 4.0. Ganzaa yanonosoye interuro, ivuga ko Ntwari yakoresheje amafaranga yari yarazigamye, kandi yongera amagambo make ya se mu musozo (adapted by Ganzaa).
Inyigisho z'ururimi, imyitozo yo muri iri somo n'ibibazo by'isuzuma byanditswe na Ganzaa.
Isuzume
“Avoka n'imineke ni imbuto.” Hano “imbuto” bisobanura iki?
