Itumanaho n'Ikoranabuhanga
Senior 1 · Kinyarwanda
Itumanaho n'Ikoranabuhanga
Lesson 3 of 3
25 min
Let's begin
Uzi umuntu utajya atandukana na telefoni ye? Inkuru uri busome ivuga umugore ufite telefoni eshanu, kandi buri telefoni ifite akazi kayo! Ni inkuru isekeje, ariko igaragaza ko telefoni ari igikoresho gikomeye k'itumanaho n'imibanire.
Nyuma yayo, uziga ubutumire: uko batumira abantu mu gikorwa, haba ku rupapuro cyangwa kuri telefoni. Uziga kandi kwandika neza itariki n'isaha.
Inkuru ya Ursula Nafula, yahinduwe mu Kinyarwanda na Sylvestre Ntabajyana, yatangajwe na African Storybook. Ganzaa yayinonosoye.
Yitwa Nyiramaterefone. Afite terefone eshanu zigendanwa.
Uko abyutse, ahita azitondeka uko ari eshanu ku meza.
Iy'umuhondo ayikoresha avugana n'abo mu muryango we.
Iy'umweru ayikoresha avugana n'abo bakorana.
Itukura ayikoresha avugana n'abamurimo amafaranga.
Iy'iroza ayikoresha avugana n'inshuti ze z'inkoramutima.
Iy'umuhemba ayikoresha avugana n'abamukeneyeho ubufasha.
Nyiramaterefone akunda gushimisha abantu, kandi ntakunda amahane.
Yemerera abana kuza kureba televiziyo mu iduka rye.
Akunda gusura abarwayi, agasura abakecuru n'abasaza mu ngo zabo.
Aho anyuze hose, baririmba izina rye bati: "Nyiramaterefone! Nyiramaterefone!"
Na we akishima, akavuga ati: "Ndi Nyiramaterefone! Nimurebe uko terefone zange ari nziza!"
Nguwo Nyiramaterefone na terefone ze eshanu agendana.
| Ijambo | Icyo risobanura |
|---|---|
| terefone | telefoni (bamwe babivuga batyo) |
| gutondeka | gushyira ibintu ku murongo, kimwe iruhande rw'ikindi |
| umuhondo | ibara risa n'iry'umuhondo w'igi |
| iroza | ibara ry'umutuku woroheje |
| umuhemba | ibara riri hagati y'umutuku n'ubururu |
| kurimo umuntu amafaranga | kumubereyemo umwenda, kutaramwishyura |
| inshuti z'inkoramutima | inshuti magara, zikunzwe cyane |
| amahane | intonganya n'imirwano |
| abakecuru n'abasaza | abagore n'abagabo bakuze cyane |
Nyiramaterefone afite terefone zingahe, kandi azikoresha ate?
Igisubizo: Eshanu; buri terefone ifite abantu avugana na bo: umuryango, abo bakorana, abamurimo amafaranga, inshuti z'inkoramutima n'abamukeneyeho ubufasha.
Ni iyihe terefone akoresha avugana n'abo bakorana?
Igisubizo: Iy'umweru.
Vuga ibikorwa bibiri byiza Nyiramaterefone akorera abandi.
Igisubizo: Yemerera abana kureba televiziyo mu iduka rye; asura abarwayi, abakecuru n'abasaza.
Abantu bamwakira bate aho anyuze?
Igisubizo: Baririmba izina rye bishimye.
Nyiramaterefone akoresha telefoni ze mu kwikunda gusa, cyangwa no mu kubana neza n'abandi? Sobanura.
Igisubizo: Azikoresha no mu kubana neza n'abandi: avugana n'umuryango, inshuti n'abamukeneyeho ubufasha. Nubwo yishimira telefoni ze, ibikorwa bye byiza (gusura abarwayi, kwakira abana) ni byo bimukundisha abantu.
Ese ni ngombwa kugira telefoni eshanu? Tanga igitekerezo cyawe n'impamvu.
Igisubizo (urugero): Oya. Telefoni imwe ishobora gukora byose; eshanu zisaba amafaranga menshi yo kuzigura no kuzishyiramo amafaranga. Ikintu k'ingenzi si umubare wa telefoni, ni uko uzikoresha.
Ubutumire ni ubutumwa umuntu cyangwa ikigo yoherereza abandi abasaba kuza mu gikorwa runaka: ibirori, inama, ubukwe, umunsi mukuru, imurikabikorwa... Bushobora kwandikwa ku rupapuro cyangwa ku ikarita, bukoherezwa kuri telefoni cyangwa kuri murandasi, cyangwa bugatangwa mu magambo.
UBUTUMIRE
Ihuriro ry'ikoranabuhanga ry'Ishuri Ryisumbuye rya Kabeza rishimishijwe no kubatumira, babyeyi, mu munsi w'imurikabikorwa ry'ikoranabuhanga. Abanyeshuri bazerekana imishinga yabo: imbuga za murandasi bakoze, imikino bakoze kuri mudasobwa n'utumashini bubatse ubwabo.
Itariki: ku wa Gatanu, tariki ya 20 Ugushyingo 2026
Isaha: guhera saa tatu za mu gitondo kugeza saa sita z'amanywa
Aho bizabera: mu cyumba mberabyombi k'ishuriKugira ngo tubategurire neza, turabasaba kutumenyesha niba muzitabira mbere yo ku wa Kabiri, tariki ya 17 Ugushyingo 2026, mubinyujije ku mwarimu w'umwana wanyu.
Kuza kwanyu kuzadushimisha cyane.
Mu izina ry'ihuriro,
Keza Uwase, Perezida w'ihuriro
Tekereza ko Nyiramaterefone yoherereje abana b'abaturanyi ubu butumwa bugufi:
Bana beza, Nyiramaterefone arabatumiye! Ku Cyumweru, saa kumi z'umugoroba, muzaze mu iduka ryange turebere hamwe umukino wa nyuma w'igikombe kuri televiziyo. Muzaze n'inshuti zanyu, kandi muhagere mbere y'uko umukino utangira!
Ubu butumire ni bugufi kandi ni ubwa gicuti, ariko burimo ibyangombwa: utumira, abatumirwa, igikorwa, umunsi, isaha n'aho kizabera.
Amazina y'iminsi n'ay'amezi atangizwa n'inyuguti nkuru.
Itariki yuzuye yandikwa uko bikurikira: umunsi, akitso, "tariki ya", umubare, ukwezi n'umwaka: ku wa Gatanu, tariki ya 20 Ugushyingo 2026. Mu ibaruwa, aho yandikiwe hakurikirwa n'akitso: Rubavu, ku wa 10 Ukwakira 2026.
Mu Kinyarwanda, amasaha abarwa uhereye igihe izuba rirasa. Isaha ya mbere y'amanywa (7:00) ni saa moya. Uko bigenda:
| Isaha | Mu Kinyarwanda | Isaha | Mu Kinyarwanda |
|---|---|---|---|
| 7:00 | saa moya za mu gitondo | 13:00 | saa saba z'amanywa |
| 8:00 | saa mbiri za mu gitondo | 14:00 | saa munani z'amanywa |
| 9:00 | saa tatu za mu gitondo | 15:00 | saa kenda z'amanywa |
| 10:00 | saa yine za mu gitondo | 16:00 | saa kumi z'umugoroba |
| 11:00 | saa tanu za mu gitondo | 17:00 | saa kumi n'imwe z'umugoroba |
| 12:00 | saa sita z'amanywa | 18:00 | saa kumi n'ebyiri z'umugoroba |
Ijambo saa ryandikwa rifite inyajwi ebyiri: ni hamwe mu hantu hake inyajwi ebyiri zandikwa mu nyandiko isanzwe.
Andika mu Kinyarwanda: inama izaba ku itariki ya 5 Ukuboza 2026, ari ku wa Gatandatu, isaha ya 14:00.
Igisubizo: Inama izaba ku wa Gatandatu, tariki ya 5 Ukuboza 2026, saa munani z'amanywa.
Tip
Uko wabara isaha: kuva ku isaha ya 7:00 kugeza ku ya 18:00, kuramo 6 ku isaha yanditse mu mibare: 16 − 6 = 10, ni ukuvuga saa kumi. Mbere yo kohereza ubutumire, bwisubiremo ubaza uti: "Ni nde? Iki? Ryari? He? Nsabwa iki?"
Andika mu Kinyarwanda isaha ya 11:00 n'iya 17:00.
Igisubizo: saa tanu za mu gitondo; saa kumi n'imwe z'umugoroba.
Kosora iyi tariki: "ku wa gatandatu, tariki ya 4 nyakanga 2026".
Igisubizo: "ku wa Gatandatu, tariki ya 4 Nyakanga 2026" (inyuguti nkuru ku munsi no ku kwezi).
Ni iki kibura muri ubu butumire? "Tubatumiye mu nama y'ababyeyi izabera mu cyumba k'ishuri saa munani z'amanywa."
Igisubizo: Umunsi n'itariki inama izaberaho, n'izina ry'utumira.
Hindura ubutumire bwa Nyiramaterefone mu butumire bwanditse ku ikarita, bufite ibice byose.
Igisubizo (urugero): UBUTUMIRE. Nyiramaterefone atumiye abana b'abaturanyi kureba umukino wa nyuma w'igikombe kuri televiziyo. Umunsi: ku Cyumweru. Isaha: saa kumi z'umugoroba. Aho bizabera: mu iduka rya Nyiramaterefone. Abatumirwa basabwa kuhagera mbere y'uko umukino utangira. Murakaza neza!
Ishuri ryanyu rirategura umunsi w'umuco. Andika ubutumire bubiri: (1) ubutumire bwanditse bugenewe ababyeyi, bufite ibice byose; (2) ubutumwa bugufi bwo kuri telefoni bugenewe inshuti yawe iri mu rindi shuri. Gerageza kwandika itariki n'isaha neza, kandi ukoreshe utubago tubiri n'akitso aho bikwiye.
Ibyo wize
Sources and credits
Umwandiko: Nyiramaterefone, wanditswe na Ursula Nafula, uhindurwa mu Kinyarwanda na Sylvestre Ntabajyana, ushushanywa na Marion Drew. Watangajwe na African Storybook (© African Storybook Initiative 2015), ku ruhushya CC BY 4.0. Ganzaa yawutunganyije: yakosoye imyandikire n'utwatuzo, kandi inoza imiterere ya zimwe mu nteruro (adapted by Ganzaa).
Inyigisho z'ubutumire, ingero z'ubutumire n'inyigisho z'itariki n'isaha byanditswe na Ganzaa.
Imyitozo yo muri iri somo n'ibibazo by'isuzuma byanditswe na Ganzaa.
