Gukunda no kwitabira umurimo
Primary 4 · Kinyarwanda
Gukunda no kwitabira umurimo
Lesson 3 of 5
40 min
Let's begin
Wigeze ubona abarobyi ku kiyaga cya Kivu, cyangwa ku kindi kiyaga cyo mu Rwanda? Bazinduka kare, bagakora cyane kugira ngo tubone amafi.
Uyu munsi urasoma inkuru ngufi y'umurobyi w'umunyamurava. Hanyuma wige uko amazina y'Ikinyarwanda ashyirwa mu miryango yitwa inteko.
Inkuru yanditswe na Tom Sabwa, ihindurwa mu Kinyarwanda na Aloysie Uwizeyemariya (African Storybook). Ganzaa yakosoye utunenge duke kandi yongeraho interuro isoza.
Uyu ni Petero, umurobyi.
Aroba mu kiyaga cya Kivu. Afite ubwato, urushundura n'indobani.
Buri munsi, Petero azinduka kare ajya kuroba amafi mu kiyaga cya Kivu.
Ahagana saa yine, ajya gucuruza amafi yarobye mu isoko rikuru rya Rubavu.
Uyu munsi, Petero yatashye ababaye cyane. Ahura na bagenzi be. Baramubaza bati: “Petero, wabaye iki? Wabuze amafi se?”
Petero arabasubiza ati: “Uyu munsi byangendekeye nabi. Umuhengeri ntiwigeze utuza ngo ndobe. Indobani yange na yo yarohamye”.
Nyamara Petero ntiyacitse intege. Yizeye ko nasubira kuroba bizagenda neza. Yaguze indi ndobani, maze bukeye azinduka ajya kuroba nk'uko bisanzwe.
| Ijambo | Icyo risobanura |
|---|---|
| umurobyi | ufata amafi mu mazi, akayagurisha cyangwa akayarya |
| kuroba | gufata amafi |
| urushundura | igikoresho gikozwe mu migozi iboshye, bafatisha amafi |
| indobani | igikoresho umurobyi yifashisha afata amafi |
| umuhengeri | amazi y'ikiyaga azamuka akamanuka, bitewe n'umuyaga |
| kurohama | kurengerwa n'amazi, ukajya hasi |
| umunyamurava | ukora cyane kandi akihangana |
Petero aroba he?
Igisubizo: Mu kiyaga cya Kivu.
Petero afite ibihe bikoresho?
Igisubizo: Ubwato, urushundura n'indobani.
Petero acururiza he amafi ye?
Igisubizo: Mu isoko rikuru rya Rubavu.
Ni iki cyatumye Petero atabona amafi uyu munsi?
Igisubizo: Umuhengeri ntiwatuje, kandi indobani ye yarohamye.
Ni iki kigaragaza ko Petero ari umunyamurava?
Igisubizo: Ntiyacitse intege: yaguze indi ndobani, maze bukeye asubira kuroba.
Izina ry'Ikinyarwanda rigizwe n'ibice bitatu: indomo, indanganteko n'igicumbi. Urugero: u-mu-robyi (indomo: u; indanganteko: mu; igicumbi: robyi).
Amazina ahuje indanganteko mu bumwe no mu bwinshi ari mu nteko imwe. Kugira ngo umenye inteko y'izina, rivuge mu bumwe no mu bwinshi.
| Inteko | Ubumwe | Ubwinshi | Ingero |
|---|---|---|---|
| MU-BA | umu- | aba- | umurobyi → abarobyi |
| MU-MI | umu- | imi- | umuhengeri → imihengeri |
| RI-MA | i- / iri- | ama- | isoko → amasoko; ifi → amafi |
| KI-BI | iki- / igi- | ibi- | ikiyaga → ibiyaga; igikoresho → ibikoresho |
| N-N | in- / im- | in- / im- | indobani → indobani; inka → inka |
| RU-N | uru- | in- / im- | urushundura → inshundura |
| KA-TU | aka- | utu- | akana → utwana |
| BU-MA | ubu- / ubw- | ama- | ubwato → amato |
| KU-MA | uku- | ama- | ukuboko → amaboko |
Inteko igena isanisha: amagambo ajyana n'izina ahuza n'inteko yaryo. Umurobyi aroba / abarobyi baroba. Ubwato bwarohamye / amato yarohamye. Ikiyaga kinini / ibiyaga binini.
Tip
Uko wabyibuka: Kugira ngo umenye inteko y'izina, rivuge mu bumwe no mu bwinshi: umurobyi – abarobyi ni MU-BA; ikiyaga – ibiyaga ni KI-BI.
Andika interuro enye zivuga ku murimo ukorwa n'umuntu wo mu muryango wawe cyangwa wo mu mudugudu wanyu (umuhinzi, umucuruzi, umudozi...). Hitamo izina rimwe muri buri nteruro, uryandike mu bumwe no mu bwinshi, maze uvuge inteko yaryo.
Urugero:
Marume ni umudozi. (umudozi → abadozi: MU-BA)
Adoda imyenda y'abana. (umwenda → imyenda: MU-MI)
Akoresha imashini n'urushinge. (urushinge → inshinge: RU-N)
Iduka rye riri hafi y'isoko. (iduka → amaduka: RI-MA)
Andika ubwinshi bw'izina “umurobyi”, n'inteko yaryo.
Igisubizo: abarobyi (MU-BA)
Andika ubumwe bw'izina “amato”, n'inteko yaryo.
Igisubizo: ubwato (BU-MA)
Izina “ikiyaga” riri mu yihe nteko?
Igisubizo: KI-BI (ikiyaga → ibiyaga)
Kosora isanisha: “Ubwato yarohamye.”
Igisubizo: “Ubwato bwarohamye.” Ubwato buri mu nteko ya BU-MA, bityo inshinga itangira na “bw-”.
Ibyo wize uyu munsi
Sources and credits
Umwandiko: Petero umurobyi, wanditswe na Tom Sabwa (Children’s Development Center at Masese), uhindurwa mu Kinyarwanda na Aloysie Uwizeyemariya; amashusho y'igitabo ni aya Zablon Alex Nguku. Watangajwe na African Storybook (© Ugandan Community Libraries Association 2015), ku ruhushya CC BY 4.0. Ganzaa yakosoye utunenge duke kandi yongeraho interuro isoza (adapted by Ganzaa).
Ifoto: Fisher men in lake kivu, RWANDA.jpg, yafashwe na Isma250, iri kuri Wikimedia Commons ku ruhushya CC BY-SA 4.0.
Iri somo rikoresha ifoto iri ku ruhushya CC BY-SA, bityo na ryo risangizwa ku ruhushya CC BY-SA 4.0. (This lesson adapts CC BY-SA material and is shared under CC BY-SA 4.0.)
Inyigisho z'ururimi, imyitozo yo muri iri somo n'ibibazo by'isuzuma byanditswe na Ganzaa.
Isuzume
Huza buri zina n'inteko yaryo.
Kanda ijambo ibumoso, hanyuma ukande irijyanye na ryo iburyo.
