Zero and Ten
Primary 1 · Mathematics
Zero and Ten
Lesson 2 of 3
12 min
Let's begin
At break time Umutoni holds up both her hands.
She counts her fingers out loud, one by one.
Then she stops. She has run out of fingers.
Today you will learn what two full hands mean.
Hold up your two hands. Put every finger up.
Touch each finger. Say one number for each one.
Say it out loud: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5.
Now the other hand: 6, 7, 8, 9, 10.
You stopped at 10. You have 10 fingers.
One hand is 5. Two hands are 5 and 5.
5 + 5 = 10
We write ten with two digits: a 1 and a 0.
But 10 is one whole ten. It is one thing, not two things.
Say one ten. Do not say a one and a zero.
Draw 2 rows of 5 boxes in your book.
That is a ten frame.
Find 10 bottle caps. Put one cap in each box.
Every box is full. A full frame is 10.
Worked example
Keza puts 6 caps in her frame.
The top row of 5 is full. 1 cap sits in the bottom row.
Now touch the empty boxes: 1, 2, 3, 4.
So 6 needs 4 more to make 10.
6 + 4 = 10
Careful! Some children say 3. They miss an empty box. Touch each box as you count.
Some children say 16. They push the 10 and the 6 together. We want 10 in all, not 16.
You can fill the frame a different way each time.
| One part | The other part |
|---|---|
| 0 | 10 |
| 1 | 9 |
| 2 | 8 |
| 3 | 7 |
| 4 | 6 |
| 5 | 5 |
Look down the numbers on the left. One part goes up.
Look down the numbers on the right. The other part goes down.
Every pair makes 10. Say them out loud.
Tip
Count the empty boxes
The empty boxes tell you how many more you need.
Touch each empty box. Say one number for each one.
Your two hands are a ten frame you carry everywhere.
Count to ten in Kinyarwanda and English
Use 10 beans and your ten frame. Then tap Show answer to check.
7 and ___ make 10.
Answer: 3. Put 7 beans in. 3 boxes stay empty.
2 and ___ make 10.
Answer: 8. Put 2 beans in. 8 boxes stay empty.
10 - 5 = ?
Answer: 5. Ten is five and five.
Keza has 4 bottle caps. How many more caps make 10?
Answer: 6. 4 and 6 make 10.
Put 9 beans in your frame. How many boxes are empty?
Answer: 1. Only one box has no bean in it.
What you learned today
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