Umuco w'Amahoro
Senior 6 · Kinyarwanda (Languages)
Umuco w'Amahoro
Lesson 2 of 4
20 min
Ihuriro ry'ubumwe n'ubwiyunge ry'ishuri ryateguye ikiganiro mpaka ku munsi mpuzamahanga w'amahoro, wizihizwa buri mwaka ku itariki ya 21 Nzeri. Ariko ikiganiro cyiza ntikigira abacyitabira iyo kitamenyeshejwe neza. Abanyeshuri bakeneye itangazo; ababyeyi n'abayobozi b'inzego z'ibanze bakeneye ubutumire. Muri iri somo urasesengura inyandiko zombi, umenye itandukaniro ryazo, maze wige kuzandika neza.
Inyandiko zanditswe na Ganzaa. Ishuri n'abantu bazivugwamo ni abo gutekerezwa.
Inyandiko ya mbere
ITANGAZO
Ihuriro ry'Ubumwe n'Ubwiyunge ry'Ishuri ryisumbuye rya Kabuye rimenyesha abanyeshuri bose ko ku wa Mbere, tariki ya 21 Nzeri 2026, hazaba ikiganiro mpaka gifite insanganyamatsiko igira iti «Urubyiruko n'umuco w'amahoro». Ikiganiro kizabera mu cyumba cy'inama cy'ishuri, kuva saa munani kugeza saa kumi z'amanywa.
Abifuza kujya mu matsinda azajya impaka biyandikishe kwa Perezida w'ihuriro bitarenze ku wa Kabiri, tariki ya 15 Nzeri 2026.
Icyitonderwa: buri wese azaze afite ikaye n'ikaramu.
Bikorewe i Kabuye, ku wa 7 Nzeri 2026.
Uwase Delphine, Perezida w'ihuriro
Inyandiko ya kabiri
| Ijambo | Icyo risobanura |
|---|---|
| itangazo | inyandiko cyangwa ijambo rigenewe abantu benshi, ribamenyesha amakuru y'ingenzi |
| ubutumire | inyandiko cyangwa ijambo bisaba umuntu cyangwa abantu runaka kwitabira igikorwa |
| ikiganiro mpaka | ikiganiro aho amatsinda ajya impaka ku kibazo, buri rimwe rishyigikira uruhande rwaryo |
| insanganyamatsiko | igitekerezo rusange igikorwa cyangwa umwandiko bishingiyeho |
| kwiyandikisha | gushyira izina ryawe ku rutonde rw'abazitabira |
| gusubiza (ubutumire) | kumenyesha uwagutumiye ko uzaza cyangwa utazaza |
1. Ni nde watanze itangazo, kandi rigenewe bande?
2. Igikorwa kizabera he, ryari, kandi kizamara amasaha angahe?
3. Abifuza kujya impaka basabwa iki?
4. Ni iki ikarita y'ubutumire isaba abatumiwe gukora mbere ya tariki ya 15 Nzeri?
5. Garagaza amagambo abiri y'icyubahiro ari mu butumire, ataboneka mu itangazo.
Definition
Itangazo ni inyandiko cyangwa ijambo bigenewe abantu benshi, bibamenyesha amakuru y'ingenzi mu magambo make kandi asobanutse: igikorwa, igihe, ahantu, abo bireba n'icyo basabwa.
Ubutumire ni inyandiko cyangwa ijambo bisaba umuntu cyangwa itsinda ryihariye kwitabira igikorwa, mu mvugo y'icyubahiro. Bushobora kuba ikarita y'ubutumire, ibaruwa y'ubutumire cyangwa ubutumire bwo mu kanwa.
| Ingingo | Itangazo | Ubutumire |
|---|---|---|
| Abo rigenewe | abantu benshi, akenshi batavuzwe amazina | umuntu cyangwa itsinda ryihariye |
| Intego | kumenyesha | gusaba kwitabira |
| Imvugo | isanzwe, ingenga ya gatatu (rimenyesha…) | y'icyubahiro (ryishimiye kubatumira…) |
| Aho bimanikwa cyangwa bitangirwa | ku rubaho rw'amatangazo, kuri radiyo, ku mbuga | bihabwa uwatumiwe ubwe |
| Gusubiza | ntibisabwa | akenshi birasabwa |
Worked example
Urugero rwa 1: Gusuzuma itangazo ukoresheje ibibazo bitanu
| Ikibazo | Igisubizo mu itangazo |
|---|---|
| Iki? | ikiganiro mpaka «Urubyiruko n'umuco w'amahoro» |
| Ryari? | ku wa Mbere, tariki ya 21 Nzeri 2026, saa munani–saa kumi |
| He? | mu cyumba cy'inama cy'ishuri |
| Bande? | abanyeshuri bose; abajya impaka biyandikisha |
| Kuki? | ntibivugwa mu buryo bweruye: umunsi mpuzamahanga w'amahoro |
Umwanzuro: itangazo riruzuye ku bibazo bine; ryarushaho kunoga ryongeyemo interuro ivuga impamvu: «mu rwego rwo kwizihiza Umunsi mpuzamahanga w'amahoro».
Worked example
Urugero rwa 2: Gukosora ubutumire butanoze
Ubutumire bwatanzwe: «Mubyeyi, uzaze ku ishuri ku wa Mbere. Hari ikiganiro. Ntuzatinde.»
Amakosa: (1) nta mutumira uvugwa; (2) igikorwa ntigisobanuye; (3) itariki n'isaha ntibivugwa; (4) ahantu ntihavugwa neza; (5) imvugo ni itegeko («ntuzatinde») aho kuba iy'icyubahiro; (6) nta buryo bwo gusubiza.
Bukosowe: «Mubyeyi, Ihuriro ry'Ubumwe n'Ubwiyunge ry'Ishuri ryisumbuye rya Kabuye ryishimiye kubatumira mu kiganiro mpaka "Urubyiruko n'umuco w'amahoro", kizaba ku wa Mbere, tariki ya 21 Nzeri 2026, kuva saa munani kugeza saa kumi z'amanywa, mu cyumba cy'inama cy'ishuri. Kwitabira kwanyu ni ishema kuri twe. Mudusubize mbere ya tariki ya 15 Nzeri 2026.»
Warning
Amakosa akunze kugaragara
Practice
Imyitozo
Tanga inshoza y'itangazo n'iy'ubutumire.
Vuga ibintu bitatu bitandukanya itangazo n'ubutumire.
Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'itangazo buri kimwe muri ibi: (a) kumenyesha ko inama y'ababyeyi yimuwe; (b) kumenyesha ko habonetse ikarita y'umunyeshuri; (c) kumenyesha ko iduka rishya rifunguye.
Ni ibihe bibazo bitanu itangazo ryiza rigomba gusubiza?
Andika itangazo ry'ihuriro ryawe rimenyesha igikorwa cy'umuganda wo gusukura urwibutso rwa Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi ruri hafi y'ishuri.
Andika ikarita y'ubutumire itumira umuyobozi w'umurenge mu gikorwa cyo gutangiza ihuriro ry'amahoro mu ishuri ryawe.
1. Itangazo: inyandiko cyangwa ijambo bigenewe abantu benshi bibamenyesha amakuru y'ingenzi. Ubutumire: inyandiko cyangwa ijambo bisaba umuntu cyangwa itsinda ryihariye kwitabira igikorwa, mu mvugo y'icyubahiro.
2. Abo bigenewe (benshi / ryihariye); intego (kumenyesha / gusaba kwitabira); imvugo (isanzwe / y'icyubahiro); gusubiza (ntibisabwa / birasabwa).
3. (a) ay'ubuyobozi cyangwa ay'ibikorwa; (b) ay'ibyabuze n'ibyatoraguwe; (c) ay'ubucuruzi.
4. Iki? Ryari? He? Bande? Kuki?
5. Bisuzumwa hakurikijwe: umutwe «ITANGAZO»; utangaza n'abo bireba; igikorwa, itariki, isaha, ahantu; icyo basabwa (ibikoresho, imyambarire); aho ryandikiwe, itariki n'izina; imvugo y'icyubahiro ikwiye urwibutso.
6. Bisuzumwa hakurikijwe: utumira; utumirwa n'umwanya we; igikorwa; itariki n'isaha; ahantu; imvugo y'icyubahiro; uburyo bwo gusubiza.
Ibyo kwibuka
Sources and credits
Itangazo n'ikarita y'ubutumire (SVG), imbonerahamwe, ingero, imyitozo n'ibisubizo: Written by Ganzaa.
