Ibiyobyabwenge
Senior 6 · Kinyarwanda (Languages)
Ibiyobyabwenge
Lesson 2 of 4
25 min
Ihuriro ry'urubyiruko «Ejo Heza» ryateguye icyumweru cyo kurwanya ibiyobyabwenge, ariko rikeneye icyumba n'inkunga y'Umurenge. Kugira ngo ubusabe bwaryo bwumvikane, ntibihagije kubivuga mu kanwa: bisaba ibaruwa y'ubutegetsi yanditse neza. Muri iri somo urasesengura ibaruwa y'iryo huriro, umenye ibice byayo n'uturango twayo, maze nawe wandike iyawe.
Ibaruwa yanditswe na Ganzaa. Ihuriro, ishuri n'abantu bayivugwamo ni ibyo gutekerezwa.
Ihuriro ry'urubyiruko «Ejo Heza»
Ishuri ryisumbuye rya Kabuye
Tel.: 07xx xxx xxxKabuye, ku wa 2 Werurwe 2026
Nyakubahwa Umunyamabanga Nshingwabikorwa
w'Umurenge wa KabuyeImpamvu: Gusaba icyumba n'inkunga mu cyumweru cyo kurwanya ibiyobyabwenge
Nyakubahwa Munyamabanga Nshingwabikorwa,
Twebwe, abanyamuryango b'ihuriro ry'urubyiruko «Ejo Heza» ryo mu Ishuri ryisumbuye rya Kabuye, tubandikiye tubasaba icyumba cy'inama cy'Umurenge n'inkunga mu cyumweru cyo kurwanya ibiyobyabwenge twateguye.
Icyo cyumweru kizaba kuva ku wa 23 kugeza ku wa 27 Werurwe 2026. Kizabamo ibiganiro bizatangwa n'abakozi b'ikigo nderabuzima, ubuhamya bw'urubyiruko rwavuye mu biyobyabwenge, amarushanwa y'imivugo n'umukino w'umupira w'amaguru uhuza amashuri. Turateganya kwakira urubyiruko rugera kuri magana atatu.
Ni yo mpamvu tubasaba kudutiza icyumba cy'inama cy'Umurenge ku wa 23 Werurwe 2026, no kudufasha kubona ibyuma by'indangururamajwi. Ingengo y'imari irambuye y'ibikorwa byose iri ku mugereka w'iyi baruwa.
Twizeye ko ubu busabe buzabona igisubizo kiza. Mbaye mbashimiye ku bw'ubufasha muzatugenera.
(Umukono)
Ishimwe Gaju
Perezida w'ihuriro «Ejo Heza»Bimenyeshejwe:
– Umuyobozi w'Ishuri ryisumbuye rya Kabuye
| Ijambo | Icyo risobanura |
|---|---|
| Nyakubahwa | imvugo y'icyubahiro ikoreshwa uhamagara umuyobozi cyangwa umuntu wubashywe |
| Impamvu | mu ibaruwa: interuro ngufi ivuga icyo ibaruwa igamije |
| umugereka | urupapuro rwongerwa ku ibaruwa, rufite andi makuru |
| ingengo y'imari | urutonde rw'amafaranga azakoreshwa n'aho azava |
| Bimenyeshejwe | abandi bantu bahabwa kopi y'ibaruwa kugira ngo bamenye ibivugwamo |
| indangururamajwi | igikoresho kirangurura ijwi kugira ngo abantu benshi bumve |
1. Ni nde wanditse ibaruwa, kandi yandikiwe nde?
2. Ihuriro risaba iki? Kirasabwa ku yihe tariki?
3. Vuga ibikorwa bitatu biteganyijwe mu cyumweru cyo kurwanya ibiyobyabwenge.
4. Ni iki kiri ku mugereka w'ibaruwa? Kuki ari ingenzi?
5. Kuki Umuyobozi w'Ishuri ari mu bamenyeshejwe?
Definition
Ibaruwa y'ubutegetsi ni ibaruwa yandikirwa urwego, umuyobozi cyangwa ikigo, cyangwa yandikwa na byo, ku mpamvu z'akazi cyangwa iz'ubuyobozi. Ikurikiza imiterere yemewe kandi ikoresha imvugo y'icyubahiro.
Imbata y'ibaruwa ni urutonde rw'ibitekerezo bizajya muri buri gice cyayo, rutegurwa mbere yo kuyandika.
| Ubwoko | Icyo igamije |
|---|---|
| Ibaruwa isaba | gusaba uruhushya, inkunga, serivisi |
| Ibaruwa isaba akazi | gusaba umwanya w'akazi; iherekezwa n'umwirondoro |
| Ibaruwa isubiza | gusubiza ibaruwa yabanje |
| Ibaruwa imenyesha | kumenyesha icyemezo cyangwa amakuru |
| Ibaruwa itanga ikirego | kugaragaza ikibazo no gusaba ko gikemurwa |
Worked example
Urugero rwa 1: Gusesengura igihimba cy'ibaruwa
Icyitonderwa: amagambo ahuza «Ni yo mpamvu» atuma ubusabe bukurikira ibisobanuro mu buryo bwumvikana.
Worked example
Urugero rwa 2: Gukosora ibaruwa itanoze
Ibaruwa yatanzwe: «Muraho neza muyobozi! Twe turi urubyiruko, dushaka gukora ibintu byo kurwanya ibiyobyabwenge kuko bimaze kuba byinshi cyane cyane ahantu hose! Muduhe icyumba n'amafaranga. Murakoze cyane, Imana ibahe umugisha!»
Amakosa: (1) nta aderesi, itariki n'«Impamvu»; (2) indamutso isanzwe aho kuba «Nyakubahwa…»; (3) uwandika ntavugwa neza (ihuriro rihe? ishuri rihe?); (4) nta matariki n'ibisobanuro by'igikorwa; (5) imvugo y'amarangamutima n'ikabya («cyane cyane ahantu hose!»); (6) «Muduhe» ni itegeko, si ubusabe; (7) nta mukono, izina n'umwanya.
Uko yakosorwa: gukurikiza ibice icumi byo ku gishushanyo, gukoresha «tubasaba», gutanga amatariki n'imibare, no gusoza mu kinyabupfura: «Mbaye mbashimiye ku bw'ubufasha muzatugenera.»
Warning
Ntugashyire amakuru bwite adakenewe mu ibaruwa: andika aho bakubona (telefone y'ihuriro cyangwa y'ishuri), ariko ntukandike amakuru y'abandi bantu batabikwemereye.
Kandi ibaruwa y'ubutegetsi ntigomba kugira amakosa y'imyandikire: yisome kabiri mbere yo kuyohereza.
Practice
Imyitozo
Tanga inshoza y'ibaruwa y'ubutegetsi.
Vuga ibice icumi by'ibaruwa y'ubutegetsi ukurikije uko bikurikirana.
Kuki «Impamvu» ari igice cy'ingenzi mu ibaruwa y'ubutegetsi?
Andika «Impamvu» ikwiye kuri izi baruwa: (a) usaba uruhushya rwo gusiba ishuri umunsi umwe; (b) umenyesha ubuyobozi ko hari ahacururizwa kanyanga.
Hindura izi nteruro zibe iz'ibaruwa y'ubutegetsi: (a) «Muduhe amafaranga.» (b) «Ikibazo cyacu nimugikemure vuba!»
Andika ibaruwa y'ubutegetsi wandikira Umuyobozi w'Ishuri, usaba uruhushya rwo gutegura ikiganiro ku biyobyabwenge mu ishuri.
1. Ni ibaruwa yandikirwa urwego, umuyobozi cyangwa ikigo (cyangwa yandikwa na byo) ku mpamvu z'akazi cyangwa iz'ubuyobozi, ikurikiza imiterere yemewe n'imvugo y'icyubahiro.
2. Aho yandikiwe n'itariki; uwandika n'aderesi; uwandikiwe; impamvu; indamutso; intangiriro; igihimba; umusozo; umukono, izina n'umwanya; bimenyeshejwe.
3. Ivuga mu magambo make icyo ibaruwa igamije, bigatuma uwandikiwe ayishyira mu bibazo bikwiye kandi ayisubiza vuba.
4. (a) «Impamvu: Gusaba uruhushya rwo gusiba ishuri ku wa …» (b) «Impamvu: Kumenyesha ahacururizwa ibiyobyabwenge».
5. (a) «Tubasaba kudufasha kubona inkunga y'amafaranga.» (b) «Tubasabye ko ikibazo cyacu cyakwitabwaho vuba bishoboka.»
6. Bisuzumwa hakurikijwe: ibice icumi; impamvu imwe isobanutse; imvugo y'icyubahiro; amatariki n'ibisobanuro by'igikorwa; umusozo w'ikinyabupfura; imyandikire.
Ibyo kwibuka
Sources and credits
Ibaruwa y'ihuriro «Ejo Heza», igishushanyo cy'imiterere y'ibaruwa (SVG), imbonerahamwe, ingero, imyitozo n'ibisubizo: Written by Ganzaa.
